Endocrinology is a branch of medicine that specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the glands and organs that produce hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to various organs and tissues in the body. The hormones tell these organs and tissues what to do or how to function.
Endocrine disease includes metabolic disorders, diabetes, thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary gland problems, among many others.
Obesity
is defined by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health and is often accompanied by other medical complications such as high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is not simply a result of overeating; underlying causes may be genetic, environmental, metabolic, or psychological in nature. Hormones such as leptin or insulin are found to be dysregulated and have been associated with the regulation of appetite and feeling hungry.
Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. The hormone insulin regulates glucose metabolism and transports glucose from the blood into the body cells. In type 1 diabetes, insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed by an autoimmune process. In type 2 diabetes, insulin isn´t working properly. Both insulin deficiencies result in elevated levels of glucose in the blood and low glucose in the cells. While cells can´t work with glucose, high blood glucose leads over time to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Diabetes is treated by doctors specializing in endocrinology and diabetology.
Dyslipidemia
is defined as having blood lipid levels that are too high or too low. Blood lipids are fatty substances, such as triglycerides and cholesterol. Dysregulation in these lipid levels, whether due to genetic predispositions or lifestyle factors, can lead to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular complications.
Thyroid Disorder
include a variety of conditions that can result in the gland producing too little thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) or too much (hyperthyroidism). Thyroid disorders can affect heart rate, mood, energy level, metabolism, bone health, pregnancy, and many other functions. Because of the multitude of symptoms, the major problem with thyroid disorders is their timely detection.
On World Obesity Day, let’s raise awareness on the importance of recognizing obesity as a disease, not a personal failure. Let’s fight stigma, promote appropriate care, and foster inclusivity to support everyone on their journey to better health.”
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